TKT Module 2 Summary Units 18 & 19

Unit 18: Planning and preparing a lesson or a sequence of lessons

Aim

What we want learners to learn or be able to do at the end of a lesson, a sequence of lessons or a whole course:

·         A function

·         A grammatical structure

·         Vocabulary

·         Developing a language skill

Aims

To identify and select the most appropriate aims, we need to ask ourselves:

·         What do my learners already know?

·         What do they need to know?

Main aim

It describes the most important thing we want to achieve in a lesson or sequence of lessons:

·         Understand and practice new language

·         Reinforce or consolidate language they already know…

Subsidiary aim

·         Show the language or skill learners must be able to use well in order to achieve the aim of the lesson.

Personal aim

They show what we would like to improve or focus on in our own teaching:

·         Improve the way we handle aids and materials

·         Try different correction techniques

·         Write more clearly on the board

·         Get learners to work with different partners…

·          

The importance of aims:

·         They are the first step in designing a lesson

·         We can design or select the most appropriate activities

·         Put them in the best order

·         Choose the most suitable teaching aids and materials

·         At a glance of the lesson we can check if we have achieved them

·         They help us to select appropriate aims for future lessons.

Procedures:

They state what teachers and learners will do at each stage of the lesson:

Example:  Listening to a recording and answering questions

Important concepts:

Aims should not be to general:

“To teach the simple past”

More specific aims are like:

“Introduce and practice the past simple for talking about personal experiences”

Learners need to know what the lesson is going to be about.

Unit 19: Identifying the different components of a lesson plan

·         A set of notes that helps us to think through what we are going to teach and how are going to teach it.

·        It also guides us during and after the lesson

Important concepts:

·         During the lesson we should teach the learners, not the lesson plan!  We must be prepared if necessary to change our plan while we are teaching!!!